64 things every geek should know

Vía @agirregabiria
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A techie geek is usually one who knows a little about everything, and is thus the person family and friends turn to whenever they have a question. If you’re that type of person and are looking for a few extra skills to pick up, or if you’re a newbie aiming to get a handhold on the honor that is geekhood, read on to find out what skills you need to know.

http://laptoplogic.com/resources/64-things-every-geek-should-know

MacBook Pro (late 2008) display hinge sucks

Otro defecto más para la colección… Fix the hinge!

La tecnología dentro de 10 años (según Microsoft)

MacBook Pro with NVIDIA 9600M GT has 256MB less RAM than expected

The new MacBook Pro (late 2008) has two video graphics cards: NVIDIA 9400M and 9600M GT. The 9400 includes an integrated graphics processor which uses 256MB of the system RAM, whereas the 9600 provides a desktop-class discrete graphics processor with its own dedicated 256MB of VRAM. The system uses the 9400 by default, which is less powerful than the 9600 but consumes less power.

As my MBP is connected to the AC adapter most of the time,  I configured the system to use the 9600 because I wanted to release the 256MB of system RAM used by the 9400. The problem is that those 256MB of system RAM are locked even though the 9600 is selected. In other words, the new MBP effectively has 256MB less system RAM than expected when using 9600M GT graphics card.

I hope Apple will release a firmware update that solves this problem.

About torrent terminology

From mininova
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  • What is BitTorrent? BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer (or P2P) protocol used for the distribution of large files.
  • What are seeds? A seed is a client that has a complete copy of the data of a certain torrent.
  • What are leechers? A leecher is a client that is currently downloading the data of a torrent. A leecher does not have the complete file, otherwise it would be called a seed.
  • What is a tracker? A BitTorrent tracker is a service on the internet that assists in the communication between BitTorrent clients. When you open a torrent file, your machine contacts the tracker and asks for a list of seeds and leechers to connect to.
  • What is a .torrent file? This is a small metadata file, not the data itself. Your BitTorrent client needs the .torrent file to connect to the tracker and download the data file you’re interested in.

Port forwarding with UPnP

From http://www.codeproject.com/KB/IP/PortForward.aspx
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Universal Plug-n-Play (“UPnP”) is an attempt to extend the concept of ordinary plug-n-play, so that it applies to more than just your own machine: it applies to the whole network. For example, with ordinary plug-n-play, when a new peripheral is connected to your machine, it is automatically discovered and configured from your machine without access to the peripheral itself.UPnP extends this idea to the network: when a new network device is connected to the network, it can be automatically discovered over the network, and configured remotely from your machine over the network. The idea is that a device can dynamically join a wired or wireless network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities, and learn about the presence and capabilities of other devices all over the network. 

Nowadays, most routers have UPnP capability. This allows you to solve one of the more vexing problems for users of network programs that must accept an incoming connection from the Internet. Examples of these programs are P2P file sharing programs. To allow others on the Internet to connect to these programs, it is necessary to configure the router to accept incoming connections and to route the connection to a local machine on the LAN behind the router. This process is called “port forwarding”. For the ordinary user, this process can be a daunting challenge.

UPnP works perfectly in this situation. With it, you can map a port-forwarding programmatically without user interaction. To be able to remotely configure a router over a network from a local machine, you need the following:

    * UPnP on the local machine: it might also be necessary to enable UPnP, since a UPnP-capable OS does not necessarily have it turned on by default.

    * UPnP on your router: most routers will have UPnP capability. Again, it might be necessary to enable UPnP on the router, since it might not be turned on by default. 

In addition, if there is a firewall on the local machine, it must be configured to allow the underlying TCP and UDP communications on which UPnP relies.

It’s worthwhile to point out that there’s a significant security risk: routers insulate local networks from the wilds of the Internet, by blocking incoming connections that are almost always malicious. This insulation is at the hardware level, and as such, it is often more effective than software such as software firewalls. Most users rely on this added layer of insulation to protect machines on their local network. But since UPnP allows any program, even malicious programs, to create a port mapping through the router, this added layer of insulation disappears. Moreover, with UPnP, the port mapping can be created even without any knowledge of the administrative password to the router, and thus can be created without the knowledge or consent of the user.

.eus domain

There is a working group on demanding an .eus domain on the Internet. However, it is very important to show the endorsement of the citizenship to this initiative. That’s why a petition drive has been launched here. It would be great if you could sign the petition and forward this message. Thank you!

Set up Google Calendar in iCal

Follow these steps:

1. Download the setup tool here.
2. Open the tool and enter your Google Account username and password.
3. Click Sign in.
4. Select the calendars you’d like to add to iCal (Note you may only add calendars for which you have ownership privileges), and click Add to iCal.
5. Add your email address to your Address Book card by selecting Add Email. You’ll be prompted to add your email address only if your address is not already in your Address Book.

Your Google Calendar will now appear in iCal’s list of calendars, and changes you make to your Google Calendar calendars in iCal will show up in Google Calendar.

WiFi authentication

The 802.11 standard supports two means of client authentication between the wireless NIC and the AP: open system and shared key.

With shared key, the AP sends the client device a challenge text packet that the client must then encrypt with the correct WEP key and return to the AP. If the client has the wrong key or no key, authentication will fail and the client will not be allowed to associate with the AP. Shared key authentication is not considered secure, because a hacker who detects both the clear-text challenge and the same challenge encrypted with a WEP key can decipher the WEP key.

With open system, authentication involves supplying the correct SSID. Even if a client can complete authentication and associate with an AP, the use of WEP prevents the client from sending data to and receiving data from the AP, unless the client has the correct WEP key.

El cielo en movimiento

Sun, moon and stars show up with their daily rise and set. The beauty of our celestial phenomena is increased by the accelerated time lapse technique showing the apparent motion of the sky due to earth’s rotation.

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